Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Many people carry the virus for life – which is why preventing reactivation is the decisive factor.
It is important to recognise and avoid triggers. Common ones are UV radiation, feverish infections and a weakened immune system. I particularly recommend consistently using a lip care stick with a high sun protection factor (SPF 30–50) in sunny conditions, on skiing holidays or at the beach.
Protection against infection is just as important: the fluid from the herpes blisters is the most contagious, so do not touch or scratch open the blisters, and wash your hands thoroughly. During the acute phase it is better not to kiss, and not to share glasses, cutlery, towels or lip care products. This significantly reduces transmission through direct contact or saliva.
Anyone who frequently suffers from recurrent infections can take countermeasures early on: as soon as tingling, burning or a feeling of tightness sets in, it helps to apply an antiviral cream straight away. In particular situations (before intensive UV exposure, or with very frequent outbreaks, for example), antiviral prophylaxis prescribed by a doctor may also be advisable.
Outbreaks are often influenced by “cofactors” – dry, chapped lips, persistent stress or possible deficiencies (vitamin D, zinc), for instance. Good lip care, strengthening the immune system, sufficient sleep and stress management are therefore also effective building blocks in preventing cold sores.
